Abstract

Research capacity building within health systems is fundamental to sustainable development and improved healthcare delivery, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This conceptual paper aims to develop a framework for strengthening research capacity at secondary-level health facilities, district and regional hospitals that serve as critical intermediaries between primary care and tertiary institutions. Despite their pivotal role, these facilities often lack the institutional structures, resources, and expertise required to generate and utilize evidence-based knowledge. Drawing on a narrative synthesis of global and regional literature, the paper proposes the Institutional Empowerment for Research (IER) Model, which is anchored on three interconnected pillars: Infrastructure Enhancement, Human Capital Development, and Research Governance. The model outlines context-specific strategies for embedding research into routine clinical practice and promoting equitable partnerships with academic institutions. Emphasizing empowerment rather than dependency, the IER framework aligns with the African Health Strategy (2023–2030) and Ghana’s Health Sector Medium-Term Development Plan. The paper concludes by discussing implications for policy, institutional sustainability, and the potential of research-driven innovations to enhance health outcomes within secondary-level healthcare systems.

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