Abstract

The electromagnetic interference EMI has a bad impact on radio systems in general. Although the cooperative communication can provide a better performance than a single antennas one, the EMI can degrade the cooperative system performance. The cooperative communication may be a relay-based or an IRS-based one. This work aims to provide a complete mathematical model for the EMI and its two categories especially in an IRS-based cooperative radio system operating in the Tera Hertz band. The fore-mentioned system is simulated. The simulation results show that the EMI degradation in the system performance can be greatly compensated by application of space time block codes “STBC”.

References

• M. Dash, R. Bajpai, N. Gupta and P. Aggarwal, "A Nonlinear MIMO-OFDM Based Full-Duplex Cooperative D2D Communications System," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 160361-160371, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3131061.
• S. Mura et al., "Spatial-Interference Aware Cooperative Resource Allocation for 5G V2V Communications," 2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring), 2022, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/VTC2022-Spring54318.2022.9860812.
• F. Adachi, A. Boonkajay, T. Saito and Y. Seki, "Distributed MIMO Cooperative Transmission Technique and Its Performance," 2019 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC), 2019, pp. 213-218, doi: 10.1109/ICCChina.2019.8855832.
• Z. Kang, C. You and R. Zhang, "IRS-Aided Wireless Relaying: Deployment Strategy and Capacity Scaling," in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 215-219, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1109/LWC.2021.3123075.
• X. Wang et al., "Beamforming Design for IRS-Aided Decode-and-Forward Relay Wireless Network," in IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 198-207, March 2022, doi: 10.1109/TGCN.2022.3145031.
• P. Zhang, X. Wang, S. Feng, Z. Sun, F. Shu and J. Wang, "Phase Optimization for Massive IRS-Aided Two-Way Relay Network," in IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 3, pp. 1025-1034, 2022, doi: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2022.3185463.
• B. Zheng and R. Zhang, "IRS Meets Relaying: Joint Resource Allocation and Passive Beamforming Optimization," in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 2080-2084, Sept. 2021, doi: 10.1109/LWC.2021.3092222.
• A. Bhargava, "Electromagnetic compatibility of digital communications for naval applications," Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (IEEE Cat. No.02TH8620), 2002, pp. 130-133, doi: 10.1109/ICEMIC.2002.1006474.
• J. -G. Wang et al., "Suppressing Intentional Electromagnetic Interference (IEMI) in Wireless Communication System Using Complex Signal Spectrum Shifting Technique," 2018 IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Signal Integrity and Power Integrity (EMC, SI & PI), 2018, pp. 250-254, doi: 10.1109/EMCSI.2018.8495174.
• K. Yoshizawa, S. Miyamoto and N. Morinaga, "Man-made noise reduction scheme using sector antenna in digital radio communication system," 1999 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (IEEE Cat. No.99EX147), 1999, pp. 670-673, doi: 10.1109/ELMAGC.1999.801417.
• N. Takahashi, S. Ishigami and K. Kawamata, "Basic study of electromagnetic noise waveform extraction using independent component analysis," 2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), 2021, pp. 473-475, doi: 10.1109/APMC52720.2021.9661884.
• G. Xiao, S. Huang, R. Liu and Y. Hu, "Application of Multibranch Rao-Wilton-Glisson Basis Functions in Electromagetic Scattering Problems," 2021 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES-China) Symposium, 2021, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.23919/ACES-China52398.2021.9582079.
• R. S. Langley, "A Reciprocity Approach for Computing the Response of Wiring Systems to Diffuse Electromagnetic Fields," in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 1041-1055, Nov. 2010, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2010.2068051.
• C. D. Taylor and J. P. Castillo, "On Electromagnetic-Field Excitation of Unshielded Multiconductor Cables," in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. EMC-20, no. 4, pp. 495-500, Nov. 1978, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.1978.303629.
• Shalaby, M., Saad, W., Shokair, M. et al. Evaluation of Electromagnetic Interference in Wireless Broadband Systems. Wireless Pers Commun 96, 2223–2237 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4294-0.
• X. Zhang, W. Hou and C. D. Sarris, "Advances in Computational Modeling of EMC/EMI Effects in Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) Systems," in IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 65-75, 3rd Quarter 2021, doi: 10.1109/MEMC.2021.9614251.
• X. Cai, Z. Huang and B. Li, "Asynchronous and Non-Stationary Interference Cancellation in Multiuser Interference Channels," in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 4976-4989, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TWC.2021.3064048.
• P. S. Crovetti and F. Musolino, "Interference of Periodic and Spread-Spectrum-Modulated Waveforms with Analog and Digital Communications," in IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 73-83, 2nd Quarter 2022, doi: 10.1109/MEMC.2022.9873819.
• S. Yang, J. Zhou, C. Wu, X. Chen, L. Zhang and E. -P. Li, "A Neuro-Space Mapping Method for Harmonic Interference Prediction of SOIFET Radio Frequency Switches," in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1117-1123, Aug. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2022.3170624.
• Q. Zhang, Y. Wang, E. Cheng, L. Ma and Y. Chen, "Investigation on the Effect of the B1I Navigation Receiver Under Multifrequency Interference," in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1097-1104, Aug. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2022.3168692.
• J. Zhang et al., "Multichannel Adaptive Interference Cancellation for Full-Duplex High Power AM Radios," in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1010-1020, Aug. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2022.3160002.
• M. M. Şahin, H. Arslan and K. -C. Chen, "Control of Electromagnetic Radiation on Coexisting Smart Radio Environment," in IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 3, pp. 557-573, 2022, doi: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2022.3162142.
• Y. Huang, Z. Chen, C. Wen, J. Li, X. -G. Xia and W. Hong, "An Efficient Radio Frequency Interference Mitigation Algorithm in Real Synthetic Aperture Radar Data," in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 60, pp. 1-12, 2022, Art no. 5224912, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2022.3155068.
• S. Armas Jiménez, J. Sanchez-Garcia and F. R. Castillo-Soria, "Self Interference Cancellation on a Full Duplex DFTs-OFDM System using GNU Radio and USRP," in IEEE Latin America Transactions, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 1781-1789, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TLA.2021.9477279.
• A. de Jesus Torres, L. Sanguinetti and E. Björnson, "Electromagnetic Interference in RIS-Aided Communications," in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 668-672, April 2022, doi: 10.1109/LWC.2021.3124584.
• J. He, Y. Chen, Y. Wang, Z. Yu and C. Han, "Channel Measurement and Path-Loss Characterization for Low-Terahertz Indoor Scenarios," 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), 2021, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473756.